2009 Nobel Prize Winners List

This post sponsored by VINTAGE CHRISTMAS CARDS OldSchoolArts.com

Here is a list of all the 2009 Nobel Prize winners for their respective categories, and the reasons given by The Nobel Prize committee for awarding prizes to these recipients.

Physiology or Medicine: Elizabeth H. Blackburn (University of California San Francisco, CA, USA) Carol W. Greider (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA) Jack W. Szostak (Harvard Medical School; Massachusetts General Hospital. Boston, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute) for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase.

Chemistry: Venkatraman Ramakrishnan (MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom) Thomas A. Steitz (Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute) Ada E. Yonath (Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel) for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome.

Peace: Barack Obama (44th President of the United States of America) for his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples.

Physics: Charles K. Kao (Standard Telecommunication Laboratories, Harlow, United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China) Willard S. Boyle (Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, USA) George E. Smith (Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, USA) for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication, and for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit – the CCD sensor.

Literature: Herta Müller (Germany) who, with the concentration of poetry and the frankness of prose, depicts the landscape of the dispossessed.

Economic Sciences: Elinor Ostrom (Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA) Oliver E. Williamson (University of California Berkeley, CA, USA) for her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons; and for his analysis of economic governance, especially the boundaries of the firm.